Gardening Terms

Essential elements required in larger amounts, typically N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S. Learn more.

the legless larval stage of a fly (order Diptera). Learn more.

A nutrient deficiency causing yellowing between leaf veins, common in tomatoes and citrus. Learn more.

Small, white, cottony insects that suck sap from stems and leaves, often secreting honeydew. Learn more.

having a thin, parchment-like texture; often describing plant or insect tissue. Learn more.

The middle layer of the fruit wall, typically the fleshy part of a fruit. Learn more.

A localized climate that differs from the surrounding area, influenced by vegetation, terrain, or structures. Learn more.

Essential elements required in trace amounts such as Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B, Mo, and Cl. Learn more.

The smaller of two kinds of spores produced by seed plants, developing into male gametophytes. Learn more.

a small fly from several families, some of which feed on plants. Learn more.

The central vein of a leaf or leaflet. Learn more.

the central vein of a leaf that supports and transports water and nutrients. Learn more.

A common fungal disease characterized by white or gray powdery growth on leaf surfaces. Learn more.

A soil conservation practice that reduces plowing to preserve structure and microbial life. Learn more.

Tiny arachnids that may feed on plant sap, causing stippling and discoloration. Learn more.

The practice of growing two or more crops simultaneously in the same field for better resource use. Learn more.

A broad term for various filamentous fungi that decompose organic matter, sometimes pathogenic to plants. Learn more.

Flowering and fruiting once before dying, as in agave and bamboo. Learn more.

A flowering plant with one cotyledon in the seed, such as grasses and lilies. Learn more.

The agricultural practice of growing a single crop species in a field over a large area, often reducing biodiversity. Learn more.

Having both male and female flowers on the same plant. Learn more.

A viral disease of tobacco and related plants that causes mottled leaves and stunted growth. Learn more.

A group of plant viruses producing mottled green and yellow leaf patterns. Learn more.

A group of viruses causing mottled leaf patterns and stunted growth. Learn more.

The larval stage of moths that may feed on leaves, buds, or fruit depending on species. Learn more.

A gelatinous substance produced by some plants that aids in water retention or seed germination. Learn more.

Material applied to the soil surface to conserve moisture, suppress weeds, and moderate temperature. Learn more.

An improper mulching technique in which mulch is piled high against a tree trunk, potentially causing decay. Learn more.

The use of organic or inorganic material spread over soil to retain moisture, suppress weeds, and regulate temperature. Learn more.

A fruit formed from the ovaries of several flowers growing in a cluster, such as a pineapple. Learn more.

A fungal infection that desiccates and hardens infected fruits, often overwintering as ‘mummies.’ Learn more.

A change in the DNA sequence that can lead to genetic variation and potentially new traits. Learn more.

A symbiotic relationship in which both organisms benefit, such as pollinators and flowers. Learn more.

masses of hyphae forming the vegetative body of a fungus. Learn more.

The vegetative network of fungal filaments (hyphae) that spread through soil or tissue. Learn more.

A mutualistic association between plant roots and fungi that enhances nutrient uptake. Learn more.

A disruption in the symbiotic relationship between roots and beneficial fungi, often caused by soil disturbance or chemical fertilizers. Learn more.